问题描述：搭建过一主多从的环境，由于数据库数据一致性要求高，有些情景会搭建一主多从的架构，搭建多主一从的模式，相对来说适合数据整合，将多个业务的库整合到一起，方便做查询，也可以当做一个监控其他主库数据的作用。但是搭建这样的模式极易造成数据冲突，同步的库名一致，导致主从异常，同时也对网络并发提出一定得要求
环境介绍：
正常可以将数据库分别放在不通的服务器上，本文方便测试，以下三个数据库都放在了同一台服务器上
IP：192.168.163.21 3306--主库 server_id:29 3307--主库 server_id:27 3308--收集从库 server_id:28
1.配置3306主库参数
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3306/data
socket=/data/3306/mysql.sock
port=3306
log-error=/data/3306/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3306/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
#skip-name-resolve
server-id=29
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1 # 需要同步库
binlog-do-db = dev3306
# 不需要同步库
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
binlog_ignore_db = information_schema
binlog_ignore_db = performation_schema
binlog_ignore_db = sys
配置复制用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
重启3306端口
systemctl restart mysqld3306
2.配置3307主库参数
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
port=3307
log-error=/data/3307/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=27
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1 # 需要同步库
binlog-do-db = dev3307
# 不需要同步库
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
binlog_ignore_db = information_schema
binlog_ignore_db = performation_schema
binlog_ignore_db = sys
配置复制用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
重启3307端口
systemctl restart mysqld3307
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000015 | 362 | dev3306 | mysql,information_schema,performation_schema,sys | 55826e3e-7f15-11eb-a9e3-000c2959ac6a:1-236538 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3.配置3307从库参数
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3308/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=28
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1 lower_case_table_names = 1 # 表名不区分大小写
master_info_repository = table
relay_log_info_repository = table
重启生效
systemctl restart mysqld3308
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000011 | 362 | dev3307 | mysql,information_schema,performation_schema,sys | 1a0da16a-7f15-11eb-a6b4-000c2959ac6a:1-16 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4.开启同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.163.21',
-> MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='slave',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='root1234',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000015', MASTER_LOG_POS=362 for channel '29';
7, MASTER_USER='slave',
MASTER_PASSWORD='root1234',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000011', MASTER_LOG_POS=362 for channel '27';Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) mysql>
mysql>
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.163.21',
-> MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_USER='slave',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='root1234',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000011', MASTER_LOG_POS=362 for channel '27';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.163.21
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 630
Relay_Log_File: mha4-relay-bin-27.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 630
Relay_Log_Space: 529
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 27
Master_UUID: 1a0da16a-7f15-11eb-a6b4-000c2959ac6a
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: 1bf45cd1-7f15-11eb-a810-000c2959ac6a:1-13
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name: 27
Master_TLS_Version:
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.163.21
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000014
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 630
Relay_Log_File: mha4-relay-bin-29.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000014
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 630
Relay_Log_Space: 529
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 29
Master_UUID: 55826e3e-7f15-11eb-a9e3-000c2959ac6a
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: 1bf45cd1-7f15-11eb-a810-000c2959ac6a:1-13
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name: 29
Master_TLS_Version:
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
5.验证同步
在从库上手动创建dev3306和dev3307
3306
mysql> use dev3306;
Database changed
mysql>
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> create table t1;
ERROR 1113 (42000): A table must have at least 1 column
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> create table t1 (id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(1),(2),(3);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
3307
mysql> use dev3307;
Database changed
mysql>
mysql> create table t2(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t2 values(4),(5),(6);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
3308
mysql> select * from dev3306.t1;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from dev3307.t2;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 4 |
| 5 |
| 6 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
6.启动和停止单独slave进程
mysql> stop slave for channel '27';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave for channel '27';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7.但是以上主库参数设置binlog-do-db也会带来弊端，用这个参数限制同步哪些库的话，但是又想整体对mysql中所有的库做主从，就会比较麻烦。限制了同步某一个库，其他的库没法做实时同步，就不能保证mysql中其他库的安全性。另一方面如果不加这个参数进行多主一从的模式，进行全库都复制同步，就会造成数据冲突，从而主从异常
binlog-do-db=需要复制的数据库名，如果复制多个数据库，重复设置这个选项即可
binlog-ignore-db=不需要复制的数据库苦命，如果复制多个数据库，重复设置这个选项即可
参考文档：https://blog.csdn.net/wangsdsdfds/article/details/105809232
