如何使用Java Enum

2023-06-15,,

简单的用法:JavaEnum简单的用法一般用于代表一组常用常量,可用来代表一类相同类型的常量值。如:

性别:
public enum SexEnum { male, female; } 颜色:
public enum Color { RED, BLUE,GREEN,BLACK; }

枚举对象里面的值都必须是唯一的。

可以通过Enum类型名直接引用该常量,如SexEnum.male,Color.RED.

复杂用法:Java为枚举类型提供了一些内置的方法,同事枚举常量还可以有自己的方法。可以很方便的遍历枚举对象,看个下面的例子:

1. 代码一 WeekDay.java:

public enum WeekDay {

    Mon("Monday"), Tue("Tuesday"), Wed("Wednesday"), Thu("Thursday"), Fri(

        "Friday"), Sat("Saturday"), Sun("Sunday");

    private final String day;

    private WeekDay(String day) {

     this.day = day;

    }

    public static void printDay(int i){

         switch(i){

         case 1: System.out.println(WeekDay.Mon); break;

         case 2: System.out.println(WeekDay.Tue);break;

         case 3: System.out.println(WeekDay.Wed);break;

         case 4: System.out.println(WeekDay.Thu);break;

         case 5: System.out.println(WeekDay.Fri);break;

         case 6: System.out.println(WeekDay.Sat);break;

         case 7: System.out.println(WeekDay.Sun);break;

         default:System.out.println("wrong number!");

         }

}

    public String getDay() {

     return day;
}
}

1. 代码二 WeekDayTest.java:

public class WeekDayTest {

  public static void main(String args[]) {

      for (WeekDay day : WeekDay.values()) {

         System.out.println(day + "====>" + day.getDay());
}
WeekDay.printDay(5); } } 输出结果为: Mon====>Monday Tue====>Tuesday Wed====>Wednesday Thu====>Thursday Fri====>Friday Sat====>Saturday Sun====>Sunday Fri

2.Java Enum原理
Java Enum类型的语法结构尽管和java类的语法不一样,应该说差别比较大。但是经过编译器编译之后产生的是一个class文件。该class文件经过反编译可以看到实际上是生成了一个类,该类继承了java.lang.Enum.

WeekDay经过反编译(javap WeekDay命令)之后得到的内容如下(去掉了汇编代码):

public final class WeekDay extends java.lang.Enum{

    public static final WeekDay Mon;

    public static final WeekDay Tue;

    public static final WeekDay Wed;

    public static final WeekDay Thu;

    public static final WeekDay Fri;

    public static final WeekDay Sat;

    public static final WeekDay Sun;

    static {};

    public static void printDay(int);

    public java.lang.String getDay();

    public static WeekDay[] values();

    public static WeekDay valueOf(java.lang.String);

}

所以实际上Enum类型就是以Java类来实现的,没有什么新的特点,只不过java编译器帮我们做了语法的解析和编译。完全也可以自己实现。但是既然有这样方便一个东西,当然会去用了。

使用实例:
1》:以Class定义的

public class PCUEnum {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out
.println(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.get(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.DELETED));
} public enum TaskStatus {
// 1:等待执行 2:正在执行 3:执行完毕 4:执行失败 5:暂停 100:已经删除 101:已经送审
NOTINQUEUE,WAITING, EXECUTING, EXECUTED, FAILED, SUSPEND, DELETED,WAITING_AUDIT; public static int get(TaskStatus s) {
int result = 0;
switch (s) {
case NOTINQUEUE:
result=0;
break;
case WAITING:
result = 1;
break;
case EXECUTING:
result = 2;
break;
case EXECUTED:
result = 3;
break;
case FAILED:
result = 4;
break;
case SUSPEND:
result = 5;
break;
case DELETED:
result = 100;
break;
case WAITING_AUDIT:
result = 101;
break;
}
return result;
}
} }

1.1》:以类为实例:

public class EnumClass {  

    enum explore {
HERE, THERE
} enum WeekDay {
Mon("Monday"), Tue("Tuesday"), Wed("Wednesday"), Thu("Thursday"), Fri("Friday"), Sat("Saturday"),
Sun("Sunday"), Wro("Wrong day"); private String day; WeekDay(String day){
this.day = day;
} public String getDay() {
return day;
}
} public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(EnumClass.explore.HERE); System.out.println("--------"); for(EnumClass.WeekDay day : EnumClass.WeekDay.values()) {
System.out.println(day.getDay());
}
}
}

2》:以Enum定义的

package com.zhou.test;

public enum TaskEnumStatus {

    NOTINQUEUE(1),WAITING(2), EXECUTING(3), EXECUTED(4), FAILED(5), SUSPEND(6), DELETED(7),WAITING_AUDIT(8);

    private int i;

    private TaskEnumStatus(int i) {

        this.i = i;

    }

    public int getEnumStatus() {

        return i;

    }

}
public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE + "=" + TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE.getEnumStatus()); }

2.1》:以Enum定义

public enum UserStatusEnum {
DISABLE("disable"),
ENABLE("enable"); private String value; UserStatusEnum(String value){
this.value = value;
} public String getValue() {
return value;
} public String toString() {
return value;
} public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(UserStatusEnum.DISABLE);
}
}

2.2》:以Enum定义

public enum NumberEnum {
CONST_FOUR(4), CONST_ENIGHT(8), CONST_NINE(999999);
private final int value; NumberEnum(int value) {
this.value = value;
} public int getValue() {
return value;
} public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(NumberEnum.CONST_ENIGHT.getValue());
}
}

如何使用Java Enum的相关教程结束。

《如何使用Java Enum.doc》

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