参考原文如下：
http://codinn.com/people/brant/notes/110948/
做了一些注释
+++++++++++引用开始++++++++++++
自己开发的应用往往也希望做到随系统自动启动, 而且启动之后最好还能方便的控制其停止/重启. 传统的做法是在 /etc/init.d/ 下建立启动脚本, 但这个方法非常繁琐, 容易出错, 而且不同服务器/不同版本的配置又有差异.
通常需要借助一些辅助工具. 常用的管理工具有 runit, daemontools 以及用 Python 开发的 Supervisor. 其中以 Supervisor 最为易用, 功能也很完善.
安装
安装命令
sudo apt-get install supervisor
安装完成, Supervisor 自动会随系统自动启动
命令
Supervisor 有两个可执行程序 – supervisord 和 supervisorctl:
supervisord 是后台管理服务器, 用来依据配置文件的策略管理后台守护进程, 它会随系统自动启动
supervisorctl 用于管理员向后台管理程序发送 启动/重启/停止 等指令;
它们之间的关系就相当于 Apache 的 httpd 和 apachectl.
主配置文件
配置文件 用来指示 Supervisor 有哪些进程需要管理, 以及管理策略.
主配置文件 的路径位于 /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf, 主配置文件中的末尾两行文本:
[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf
指明了 Supervisor 会去 /etc/supervisor/conf.d/ 目录下查找以 .conf 结尾的子配置文件, 也就是说, 我们只需在 /etc/supervisor/conf.d/ 目录下为每个后台守护应用新建一个配置文件即可.
子配置文件
举个例子, 我们只需新建一个子配置文件 /etc/supervisor/conf.d/iot-kb.conf:
[program:codinn]
command = /srv/codinn/ENV/bin/python /srv/codinn/manage.py runwsgiserver
为了方便管理, 每个后台守护应用对应一个 /etc/supervisor/conf.d/[program-name].conf 子配置文件
program: 后跟随的 codinn 指明后台守护应用的代号, supervisorctl 需要用该代号控制守护进程的启动/停止.
program 区的更多配置请参考: [program:x] Section Settings
子配置基本上只需关心 program 区
command 字段设置的是后台守护应用的启动命令, 注意: 该命令必须是在前台执行的, 即会独占控制台, 否则会导致 supervisor 无法获得标准输出, 并失去进程的控制权.
控制守护进程
每次 修改主配置文件 或 增改子配置文件 都需要执行 supervisorctl update 使新配置生效:
sudo supervisorctl update
控制守护进程:
# 控制所有进程
sudo supervisorctl start all
sudo supervisorctl stop all
sudo supervisorctl restart all # 定向控制指定进程
sudo supervisorctl stop iot-kb
sudo supervisorctl start iot-kb
sudo supervisorctl restart iot-kb
supervisorctl 子命令
$ supervisorctl help default commands (type help <topic>):
=====================================
add clear fg open quit remove restart start stop update
avail exit maintail pid reload reread shutdown status tail version
+++++++++++引用结束++++++++++++
这里我分享一个我自己设置的配置文件。
一般是这样用的
supervisord -c [/path/to/supervisord.conf]
supervisorctl -c [/path/to/supervisord.conf] start all
请看,在echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf 后，一个简单的/etc/supervisord.conf
; Sample supervisor config file.
;
; For more information on the config file, please see:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; Note: shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported. Environment
; variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s". [unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file)
;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user ; (default is no username (open server))
;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server)) ;[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface)
;username=user ; (default is no username (open server))
;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server)) [supervisord]
logfile=/var/log/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB)
logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10)
loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace)
pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false)
minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024)
minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200)
;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022)
;user=chrism ; (default is current user, required if root)
;identifier=supervisor ; (supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor')
;directory=/tmp ; (default is not to cd during start)
;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false)
;childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
;environment=KEY="value" ; (key value pairs to add to environment)
;strip_ansi=false ; (strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false) ; the below section must remain in the config file for RPC
; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface [supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set
;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available ; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values,
; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor. ;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;autorestart=unexpected ; whether/when to restart (default: unexpected)
;startsecs=1 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) ; The below sample eventlistener section shows all possible
; eventlistener subsection values, create one or more 'real'
; eventlistener: sections to be able to handle event notifications
; sent by supervisor. ;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;autorestart=unexpected ; whether/when to restart (default: unexpected)
;startsecs=1 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) ; The below sample group section shows all possible group values,
; create one or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous"
; process groups. ;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999) ; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves. ;[include]
;files = relative/directory/*.ini ;This is for Chinese Segmentation APIs built within Torando web framework
[program:segm_cn_8100]
command=python /root/software/segm_cn/center.py --port=8100
directory=/root/software/segm_cn
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/var/log/stdout_segm_cn_8100.log ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
stderr_logfile=/var/log/stderr_segm_cn_8100.log ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) [program:segm_cn_8101]
command=python /root/software/segm_cn/center.py --port=8101
directory=/root/software/segm_cn
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/var/log/stdout_segm_cn_8101.log ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
stderr_logfile=/var/log/stderr_segm_cn_8101.log ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
上面采用两个program 虽然是同样的功能，但是能非常好的用nginx 分发端口服务。这样能极大的利用效率。有利于高并发的访问。
