python+turtle 笔记

2023-06-12,,

用Python+turtle绘制佩琪:

from turtle import *

def nose(x,y):#鼻子
penup()#提起笔
goto(x,y)#定位
pendown()#落笔,开始画
setheading(-30)#将乌龟的方向设置为to_angle/为数字(0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南)
begin_fill()#准备开始填充图形
a=0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
a=a+0.08
left(3) #向左转3度
forward(a) #向前走a的步长
else:
a=a-0.08
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()#填充完成 penup()
setheading(90)
forward(25)
setheading(0)
forward(10)
pendown()
pencolor(255,155,192)#画笔颜色
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160,82,45)#返回或设置pencolor和fillcolor
end_fill() penup()
setheading(0)
forward(20)
pendown()
pencolor(255,155,192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160,82,45)
end_fill() def head(x,y):#头
color((255,155,192),"pink")
penup()
goto(x,y)
setheading(0)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(180)
circle(300,-30)
circle(100,-60)
circle(80,-100)
circle(150,-20)
circle(60,-95)
setheading(161)
circle(-300,15)
penup()
goto(-100,100)
pendown()
setheading(-30)
a=0.4
for i in range(60):
if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
a=a+0.08
lt(3) #向左转3度
fd(a) #向前走a的步长
else:
a=a-0.08
lt(3)
fd(a)
end_fill() def ears(x,y): #耳朵
color((255,155,192),"pink")
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50,50)
circle(-10,120)
circle(-50,54)
end_fill() penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-12)
setheading(0)
forward(30)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50,50)
circle(-10,120)
circle(-50,56)
end_fill() def eyes(x,y):#眼睛
color((255,155,192),"white")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-20)
setheading(0)
forward(-95)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill() color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill() color((255,155,192),"white")
penup()
seth(90)
forward(-25)
seth(0)
forward(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill() color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill() def cheek(x,y):#腮
color((255,155,192))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(0)
begin_fill()
circle(30)
end_fill() def mouth(x,y): #嘴
color(239,69,19)
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(-80)
circle(30,40)
circle(40,80) def body(x,y):#身体
color("red",(255,99,71))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(-130)
circle(100,10)
circle(300,30)
setheading(0)
forward(230)
setheading(90)
circle(300,30)
circle(100,3)
color((255,155,192),(255,100,100))
setheading(-135)
circle(-80,63)
circle(-150,24)
end_fill() def hands(x,y):#手
color((255,155,192))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(-160)
circle(300,15)
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(15)
setheading(0)
forward(0)
pendown()
setheading(-10)
circle(-20,90) penup()
setheading(90)
forward(30)
setheading(0)
forward(237)
pendown()
setheading(-20)
circle(-300,15)
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(20)
setheading(0)
forward(0)
pendown()
setheading(-170)
circle(20,90) def foot(x,y):#脚
pensize(10)
color((240,128,128))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(-90)
forward(40)
setheading(-180)
color("black")
pensize(15)
fd(20) pensize(10)
color((240,128,128))
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(40)
setheading(0)
forward(90)
pendown()
setheading(-90)
forward(40)
setheading(-180)
color("black")
pensize(15)
fd(20) def tail(x,y):#尾巴
pensize(4)
color((255,155,192))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
seth(0)
circle(70,20)
circle(10,330)
circle(70,30) def setting(): #参数设置
pensize(4)
hideturtle() #使乌龟无形(隐藏)
colormode(255) #将其设置为1.0或255.随后 颜色三元组的r,g,b值必须在0 .. cmode范围内
color((255,155,192),"pink")
setup(840,500)
speed(10) def main():
setting() #画布、画笔设置
nose(-100,100) #鼻子
head(-69,167) #头
ears(0,160) #耳朵
eyes(0,140) #眼睛
cheek(80,10) #腮
mouth(-20,30) #嘴
body(-32,-8) #身体
hands(-56,-45) #手
foot(2,-177) #脚
tail(148,-155) #尾巴
done() if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

用Python+turtle库绘制动画重现龟兔赛跑现场:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as fm t=np.arange(0,120,0.5)
rabbit=np.piecewise(t,
[t<10,t>110],
[lambda x:15*x,
lambda x:20*(x-110)+150,
lambda x:150]
)
tortoise=3*t
plt.plot(t,tortoise,label='乌龟')
plt.plot(t,rabbit,label='兔子')
plt.title('龟兔赛跑',fontpropertise='STKAITI',fontsize=24)
plt.xlabel('时间(秒)',fontpropertise='STKAITI',fontsize=18)
plt.ylabel('与起点的距离(米)',fontpropertise='simbei',fontsize=18)
plt.show()

绘制交互式绘图小海龟:

绘制玫瑰花:

from turtle import *
#global pen and speed
pencolor("black")
fillcolor("red")
speed(50)
s=0.15
#init poistion
penup()
goto(0,600*s)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(200*s,30)
for i in range(60):
lt(1)
circle(50*s,1)
circle(200*s,30)
for i in range(4):
lt(1)
circle(100*s,1)
circle(200*s,50)
for i in range(50):
lt(1)
circle(50*s,1)
circle(350*s,65)
for i in range(40):
lt(1)
circle(70*s,1)
circle(150*s,50)
for i in range(20):
rt(1)
circle(50*s,1)
circle(400*s,60)
for i in range(18):
lt(1)
circle(50*s,1)
fd(250*s)
rt(150)
circle(-500*s,12)
lt(140)
circle(550*s,110)
lt(27)
circle(650*s,100)
lt(130)
circle(-300*s,20)
rt(123)
circle(220*s,57)
end_fill()
lt(120)
fd(280*s)
lt(115)
circle(300*s,33)
lt(180)
circle(-300*s,33)
for i in range(70):
rt(1)
circle(225*s,1)
circle(350*s,104)
lt(90)
circle(200*s,105)
circle(-500*s,63)
penup()
goto(170*s,-330*s)
pendown()
lt(160)
for i in range(20):
lt(1)
circle(2500*s,1)
for i in range(220):
rt(1)
circle(250*s,1)
fillcolor('green')
penup()
goto(670*s,-480*s)
pendown()
rt(140)
begin_fill()
circle(300*s,120)
lt(60)
circle(300*s,120)
end_fill()
penup()
goto(180*s,-850*s)
pendown()
rt(85)
circle(600*s,40)
penup()
goto(-150*s,-1300*s)
pendown()
begin_fill()
rt(120)
circle(300*s,115)
lt(75)
circle(300*s,100)
end_fill()
penup()
goto(430*s,-1370*s)
pendown()
rt(30)
circle(-600*s,35)
done()

画太阳花:

from turtle import *
color('red','yellow')
begin_fill()
while True:
forward(200)
left(170)
if abs(pos())<1:
break
end_fill()
done()

python+turtle 笔记的相关教程结束。

《python+turtle 笔记.doc》

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