需求：Linux平台，安装完整版Oracle客户端

Tips：如果只是用到sqlldr,sqlplus功能，可以参考《Linux上oracle精简版客户端快速部署》快速部署精简版；如果需要用到proc等其他功能，建议安装完整版客户端。

环境：RHEL5.4 + Oracle client 11.2.0.1

1.安装前检查
2.配置响应文件
3.静默安装客户端
4.配置环境变量

1.安装前检查

## 1.1 依赖包 ##
比如RHEL5的依赖包需求:

rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat

建议官方要求的这些依赖包都要安装上。

1.2 其他信息检查

服务器的目录空间和规划、主机CPU、内存等信息。这些一般都符合要求。

主要就是确定接下来的客户端介质的解压目录以及之后客户端安装的目录。

我这里根据实际环境设定的:

客户端安装介质解压目录：/opt/oclient

客户端的安装目录：/opt/app/oracle/11.2/client

2.配置响应文件

默认的响应文件在解压的目录下的client/response目录下，比如这里是/opt/oclient/client/response/client_install.rsp，内容如下：
```
$ more /opt/oclient/client/response/client_install.rsp
###############################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved. ##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
###############################################################################

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Do not change the following system generated value.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_clientinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This variable holds the hostname of the system as set by the user.

It can be used to force the installation to use an alternative

hostname rather than using the first hostname found on the system

(e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames and network interfaces).

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora-client-001

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oracle

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Inventory location.

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/app/oraInventory

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Languages in which the components will be installed.

en : English ja : Japanese

fr : French ko : Korean

ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish

bn : Bengali lv : Latvian

pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian

bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay

fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish

ca : Catalan no : Norwegian

hr : Croatian pl : Polish

cs : Czech pt : Portuguese

da : Danish ro : Romanian

nl : Dutch ru : Russian

ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese

en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak

et : Estonian sl : Slovenian

fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish

de : German sv : Swedish

el : Greek th : Thai

iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese

hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish

is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian

in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese

it : Italian

Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Complete path of the Oracle Home

ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/11.2/client

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Complete path of the Oracle Base.

ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name : INSTALL_TYPE

Datatype : String

Description: Installation type of the component.

The following choices are available. The value should contain

only one of these choices.

InstantClient : InstantClient

Administrator : Administrator

Runtime : Runtime

Custom : Custom

Example : INSTALL_TYPE = "Administrator"

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle.install.client.installType=Administrator

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name : oracle.install.client.customComponents

Datatype : StringList

This property is considered only if INSTALL_TYPE is set to "Custom"

Description: List of Client Components you would like to install

The following choices are available. You may specify any

combination of these choices. The components you choose should

be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"

Below is a list of components you may specify to install.

oracle.sqlj:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle SQLJ"

oracle.rdbms.util:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Database Utilities"

oracle.javavm.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Java Client"

oracle.sqlplus:11.2.0.1.0 -- "SQL*Plus"

oracle.dbjava.jdbc:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle JDBC/THIN Interfaces"

oracle.ldap.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Internet Directory Client"

oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Call Interface (OCI)"

oracle.precomp:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Programmer"

oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle XML Development Kit"

oracle.network.aso:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Advanced Security"

oracle.assistants.oemlt:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Enterprise Manager Minimal Integration"

oracle.oraolap.mgmt:11.2.0.1.0 -- "OLAP Analytic Workspace Manager and Worksheet"

oracle.network.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Net"

oracle.network.cman:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Connection Manager"

oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Net Listener"

oracle.ordim.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Multimedia Client Option"

oracle.ons:11.2.0.0.0 -- "Oracle Notification Service"

oracle.odbc:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle ODBC Driver"

oracle.has.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Clusterware High Availability API"

oracle.dbdev:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle SQL Developer"

oracle.rdbms.scheduler:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Scheduler Agent"

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle.install.client.customComponents="oracle.sqlj:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.rdbms.util:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.javavm.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.sqlplus:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.db

java.jdbc:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.ldap.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.precomp:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.aso:11.2.0.1.0"

,"oracle.assistants.oemlt:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.oraolap.mgmt:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.cman:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.listener:11.

2.0.1.0","oracle.ordim.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.ons:11.2.0.0.0","oracle.odbc:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.has.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.dbdev:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.rdbms.sched

uler:11.2.0.1.0"

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name : MTS_PORT

Datatype : int

Description: Port number to be used for by the Oracle MTS Recovery Service to listen

for requests. This needs to be entered in case oracle.ntoramts is

selected in the list of custom components in custom install

Example : MTS_PORT = 2030

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle.install.client.oramtsPortNumber=

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Host name to be used for by the Oracle Scheduler Agent.

This needs to be entered in case oracle.rdbms.scheduler is selected in the

list of custom components during custom install

Example : oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentHostName = acme.domain.com

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentHostName=

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Port number to be used for by the Oracle Scheduler Agent.

This needs to be entered in case oracle.rdbms.scheduler is selected in the

list of custom components during custom install

Example: oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentPortNumber = 1500

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentPortNumber=

上面看起来内容较多，实际上主要就根据实际环境修改了这些值，其他默认或不填即可：

    ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora-client-001

    UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oracle

    INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/app/oraInventory

    SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

    ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/11.2/client

    ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle

    oracle.install.client.installType=Administrator

<h1 id="3"> 3.静默安装客户端 </h1>

切换到安装目录下，执行下面的命令静默安装客户端

    ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /opt/oclient/client/response/client_install.rsp

根据提示，最后用root用户执行两个脚本，比如这里是：

     # /opt/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

     # /opt/app/oracle/11.2/client/root.sh

<h1 id="4"> 4.配置环境变量 </h1>

/bin/csh环境变量: vi ~/.cshrc

    setenv ORACLE_HOME /opt/app/oracle/11.2/client

    setenv NLS_LANG "simplified chinese_china.ZHS16GBK"

    setenv NLS_DATE_FORMAT "YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS"

    setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $ORACLE_HOME/lib

    setenv PATH $ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

最后测试下确定proc命令可用。

$ proc

Pro*C/C++: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期一 4月 25 14:04:52 2016

系统默认选项值取自于: /opt/app/oracle/11.2/client/precomp/admin/pcscfg.cfg

选项名称当前值说明

auto_connect 否允许自动连接到 ops$ 帐户

char_map charz 正在映射字符数组和字符串

close_on_commit否关闭所有 COMMIT 游标

cmax 100 用于连接池的 CMAX 值

cmin 2 用于连接池的 CMIN 值

cincr 1 用于连接池的 CINCR 值

ctimeout 0 用于连接池的 CTIMEOUT 值

cnowait 0 用于连接池的 CNOWAIT 值

common_parser 否使用 Common SQL Front End 进行语法分析

code kr_c 所要生成的代码类型

comp_charset multi_byte C 编译器支持的字符集类型

config default 使用另一配置文件覆盖系统配置文件

cpool 否支持连接共享

cpp_suffix none 覆盖默认的 C++ 文件名后缀

db2_array 否支持 DB2 数组插入/选择语法

dbms native v6/v7/v8 兼容模式

def_sqlcode 否生成 '#define SQLCODE sqlca.sqlcode' 宏

define x86_64 定义预处理程序符号

none

duration transaction 设置高速缓存中的对象的连接持续时间

dynamic oracle 指定 Oracle 或 ANSI 动态 SQL 语义

errors 是错误消息是否发送到终端

errtype none intype 文件错误的列表文件名

events 否支持发布-订阅事件通知

fips none ANSI 不兼容用法的 FIPS 标志

header none 指定预编译标头的文件扩展名

hold_cursor 否控制游标高速缓存中的游标存留数

implicit_svpt 否在缓冲的插入之前的隐式保存点

iname none 输入文件的名称

include none 所含文件的目录路径

intype none 类型信息的输入文件名

lines 否向生成的代码添加若干行指令

lname none 覆盖默认列表文件名

ltype short 在列表文件生成的数据量

maxliteral 1024 生成的字符串字面量的最大长度

maxopencursors 10 高速缓存的打开游标的最大数量

max_row_insert 0 要在插入时缓冲的最大行数

mode oracle 代码对 Oracle 或 ANSI 规则的顺应性

native_types 否本机浮点/双精度支持

nls_char none 指定国家语言字符变量

nls_local 否控制如何完成 NLS 字符语义

objects 是支持对象类型

oname none 输出文件的名称

oraca 否控制 ORACA 的使用

outline no 在其中创建大纲的类别 [yes/no/]

outlnprefix none 大纲名称前缀

pagelen 80 列表文件的页长度

parse full 控制对哪一非 SQL 代码进行语法分析

prefetch 1 在游标 OPEN 时预先提取的行数

release_cursor 否控制从游标高速缓存释放的游标数

runoutline 否如果是, 则在数据库中创建大纲

select_error 是控制选择错误的标志

sqlcheck syntax 编译时 SQL 的检查量

stmt_cache 0 语句高速缓存的大小

sys_include /usr/lib64/gcc/系统标头文件所在的目录

/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.1.0/include

/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.1.1/include

/usr/lib/gcc-lib/x86_64-redhat-linux/3.2.3/include

/usr/include

$ORACLE_HOME/precomp/public

threads 否表示多线程的应用程序

type_code oracle 使用 Oracle 或动态 SQL 的 ANSI 类型代码

unsafe_null 否允许不使用指示符表列的 NULL 提取

userid none 用户名/口令 [@dbname] 连接字符串

utf16_charset nchar_charset 由 UTF16 变量使用的字符集表单

varchar 否允许使用隐式 varchar 结构

version recent 要返回哪一版本的对象

PCC-F-02135, CMD-LINE: 用户请求帮助

Linux 平台静默安装 Oracle客户端

1.安装前检查

1.2 其他信息检查

2.配置响应文件

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Do not change the following system generated value.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This variable holds the hostname of the system as set by the user.

It can be used to force the installation to use an alternative

hostname rather than using the first hostname found on the system

(e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames and network interfaces).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Inventory location.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Languages in which the components will be installed.

en : English ja : Japanese

fr : French ko : Korean

ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish

bn : Bengali lv : Latvian

pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian

bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay

fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish

ca : Catalan no : Norwegian

hr : Croatian pl : Polish

cs : Czech pt : Portuguese

da : Danish ro : Romanian

nl : Dutch ru : Russian

ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese

en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak

et : Estonian sl : Slovenian

fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish

de : German sv : Swedish

el : Greek th : Thai

iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese

hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish

is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian

in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese

it : Italian

Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Complete path of the Oracle Home

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Complete path of the Oracle Base.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name : INSTALL_TYPE

Datatype : String

Description: Installation type of the component.

The following choices are available. The value should contain

only one of these choices.

InstantClient : InstantClient

Administrator : Administrator

Runtime : Runtime

Custom : Custom

Example : INSTALL_TYPE = "Administrator"

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name : oracle.install.client.customComponents

Datatype : StringList

This property is considered only if INSTALL_TYPE is set to "Custom"

Description: List of Client Components you would like to install

The following choices are available. You may specify any

combination of these choices. The components you choose should

be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"

Below is a list of components you may specify to install.

oracle.sqlj:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle SQLJ"

oracle.rdbms.util:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Database Utilities"

oracle.javavm.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Java Client"

oracle.sqlplus:11.2.0.1.0 -- "SQL*Plus"

oracle.dbjava.jdbc:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle JDBC/THIN Interfaces"

oracle.ldap.client:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Internet Directory Client"

oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Call Interface (OCI)"

oracle.precomp:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Programmer"

oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle XML Development Kit"

oracle.network.aso:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Oracle Advanced Security"

oracle.assistants.oemlt:11.2.0.1.0 -- "Enterprise Manager Minimal Integration"

oracle.oraolap.mgmt:11.2.0.1.0 -- "OLAP Analytic Workspace Manager and Worksheet"

选项名称当前值说明