今天是2017-05-03，这里记录一些python的基础使用方法。世上存在着不能流泪的悲哀，这种悲哀无法向人解释，即使解释人家也不会理解。它永远一成不变，如无风夜晚的雪花静静沉积在心底。
Python的基础学习
一、python中函数作为参数
import math def add(x, y, f):
return f(x) + f(y) print(add(25, 9, math.sqrt)) # 8.0
二、python引用自定义模块
在同目录下面定义两个文件huhx.py和huhx5.py。其中huhx.py作为一个模块供huhx5.py使用。
huhx.py文件内容如下：
# defined a module
username = "Linux" def sayMyName():
print("My name is ", username)
huhx5.py文件内容如下：
import huhx huhx.sayMyName();
打印效果如下：
三、python文件的读写
# 文件的写，这一般用于写比较短的字符
with open('../file/huhx.xml', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write('您好, huhx!')
# 文件的读，这一般用于读取比较短的字符
with open('../file/huhx.xml', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
print(f.read())
四、python中stmtp简单发送邮箱
import smtplib
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr)) from_addr = '****'
password = '*****'
to_addr = '******'
smtp_server = 'smtpcom.263xmail.com' msg = MIMEText('hello, my name is huhx.', 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = _format_addr('huhx <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('linux <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('subject info', 'utf-8').encode() server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 465)
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
如果发送的是html邮件，则将上述的msg改为如下：
msg = MIMEText('<html><body><h1>Hello</h1>' +
'<p>send by <a href="http://www.python.org">Python</a>...</p>' +
'</body></html>', 'html', 'utf-8')
如果需要发送附件：
import smtplib
from email import encoders from email.header import Header
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr)) from_addr = '****'
password = '*****'
to_addr = '***@qq.com'
smtp_server = 'smtpcom.263xmail.com' # 邮件对象:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = _format_addr('hello <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('huhx <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('subject info', 'utf-8').encode() # 邮件正文是MIMEText:
msg.attach(MIMEText('send with file...', 'plain', 'utf-8')) # 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个图片:
with open('huhx.png', 'rb') as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase('image', 'png', filename='test.png')
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
msg.attach(mime) server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 465)
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
五、python中简单的html解析
from html.parser import HTMLParser class MyHTMLParser(HTMLParser):
def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
print("Encountered a start tag:", tag) def handle_endtag(self, tag):
print("Encountered an end tag :", tag) def handle_data(self, data):
print("Encountered some data :", data) parser = MyHTMLParser()
parser.feed('<html><head><title>Test</title></head>'
'<body><h1>Parse me!</h1></body></html>')
运行的结果如下
Encountered a start tag: html
Encountered a start tag: head
Encountered a start tag: title
Encountered some data : Test
Encountered an end tag : title
Encountered an end tag : head
Encountered a start tag: body
Encountered a start tag: h1
Encountered some data : Parse me!
Encountered an end tag : h1
Encountered an end tag : body
Encountered an end tag : html
六、python的文件解压缩
import tarfile def tarFile(
tar = tarfile.open("sample.tar", "w")):
for name in ["all_url.csv", "download_url.csv", "update.csv"]:
tar.add(name)
tar.close() def untarFile():
tar = tarfile.open("sample.tar", "r:tar")
for tarinfo in tar:
print(tarinfo.name, 'is', tarinfo.size) if __name__ == '__main__':
tarFile()
untarFile()
运行的结果如下：
all_url.csv is
download_url.csv is
update.csv is
