SQL Server 怎样生成序列号(虚拟数字辅助表)

2023-02-22,,

</pre><pre name="code" class="sql">--生成一个"序列" 或者说生成一个"虚拟数字辅助表"是扩展数据库集合操作的重要途径。其主要创建途径一般是通过笛卡尔积法、系统表法(实质一般也是笛卡尔积法)、创建自定义函数法等方式。  

--笛卡尔积法,先构建一个包含10行记录的辅助表,选择10行记录主要是为了方便交叉连接时按照10进制扩展行数
WITH t1 AS (
SELECT 1 AS RN
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
UNION All
SELECT 1
)
SELECT NUM=ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY a.RN) FROM T1 a,T1 b,T1 c,T1 d,T1 e,T1 f,T1 g
--生成e10+8(一千万)耗时01:12 --递归法,递归法另一用途是层次查询遍历各级节点;在实现各种复杂数学序列中亦有应用
--注意当递归次数过百时需加OPTION(MAXRECURSION 0)控制条件使数据库不限定递归次数
WITH T1 AS (
SELECT 1 AS NUM
UNION ALL
SELECT T1.NUM+1
FROM T1
WHERE T1.NUM<10000000)
SELECT NUM FROM T1
OPTION(MAXRECURSION 0)
--生成e10+8(一千万)耗时02:45 --系统表法,生成0-2047
SELECT number FROM master..spt_values WHERE type='p' SELECT TOP 10000000 NUM=ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY GETDATE())
FROM syscolumns a,syscolumns b,syscolumns c
--生成e10+8(一千万)耗时01:16 --自定义函数法
-- definition of GetNums function, SQL Server 2012 version
--注意生成的"虚拟数字辅助表"的列别名是"n"
USE TSQL2012;
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.GetNums', 'IF') IS NOT NULL DROP FUNCTION dbo.GetNums;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GetNums(@low AS BIGINT, @high AS BIGINT) RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
WITH
L0 AS (SELECT c FROM (VALUES(1),(1)) AS D(c)),
L1 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L0 AS A CROSS JOIN L0 AS B),
L2 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L1 AS A CROSS JOIN L1 AS B),
L3 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L2 AS A CROSS JOIN L2 AS B),
L4 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L3 AS A CROSS JOIN L3 AS B),
L5 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L4 AS A CROSS JOIN L4 AS B),
Nums AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) AS rownum
FROM L5)
SELECT @low + rownum - 1 AS n
FROM Nums
ORDER BY rownum
OFFSET 0 ROWS FETCH FIRST @high - @low + 1 ROWS ONLY;
GO -- definition of GetNums function, pre-SQL Server 2012 version
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.GetNums', 'IF') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION dbo.GetNums;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GetNums(@low AS BIGINT, @high AS BIGINT) RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
WITH
L0 AS (SELECT c FROM (VALUES(1),(1)) AS D(c)),
L1 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L0 AS A CROSS JOIN L0 AS B),
L2 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L1 AS A CROSS JOIN L1 AS B),
L3 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L2 AS A CROSS JOIN L2 AS B),
L4 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L3 AS A CROSS JOIN L3 AS B),
L5 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L4 AS A CROSS JOIN L4 AS B),
Nums AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) AS rownum
FROM L5)
SELECT TOP(@high - @low + 1) @low + rownum - 1 AS n
FROM Nums
ORDER BY rownum;
GO -- test function
--生成e10+8(一千万)耗时01:18
SELECT n FROM dbo.GetNums(1, 10000000); --生成11至20的序列
SELECT n FROM dbo.GetNums(11, 20); --用函数生成日期序列,注意日期序列可由递归法直接生成,但日期类型必须是datetime,不能是date类型
DECLARE
@start AS DATE = '',
@end AS DATE = '';
SELECT DATEADD(day, n, @start) AS dt
FROM dbo.GetNums(0, DATEDIFF(day, @start, @end)) AS Nums;
GO DECLARE
@start AS DATETIME2 = '2012-02-12 00:00:00.0000000',
@end AS DATETIME2 = '2012-02-18 12:00:00.0000000';
SELECT DATEADD(hour, n*12, @start) AS dt
FROM dbo.GetNums(0, DATEDIFF(hour, @start, @end)/12) AS Nums;
GO
[sql] view plain copy
--T-SQL
CREATE TABLE #NumberSequense(RN INT);
DECLARE @i int;
SET @i = 1 WHILE @i <= 1000
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #NumberSequense
SELECT @i;
SET @i = @i + 1
END SELECT *
FROM #NumberSequense
ORDER BY RN
DROP TABLE #NumberSequense;
--T-SQL
CREATE TABLE #NumberSequense(RN INT);
DECLARE @i int;
SET @i = 1 WHILE @i <= 1000
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #NumberSequense
SELECT @i;
SET @i = @i + 1
END SELECT *
FROM #NumberSequense
ORDER BY RN
DROP TABLE #NumberSequense;

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