数据 分片

不使用Spring

引入Maven依赖

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>

    <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-core</artifactId>

    <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version>

</dependency>

基于Java编码的规则配置

Sharding-JDBC的分库分表通过规则配置描述，以下例子是根据user_id取模分库, 且根据order_id取模分表的两库两表的配置。

    // 配置真实数据源

    Map<String, DataSource> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>();

    // 配置第一个数据源

    BasicDataSource dataSource1 = new BasicDataSource();

    dataSource1.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

    dataSource1.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0");

    dataSource1.setUsername("root");

    dataSource1.setPassword("");

    dataSourceMap.put("ds0", dataSource1);

    // 配置第二个数据源

    BasicDataSource dataSource2 = new BasicDataSource();

    dataSource2.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

    dataSource2.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1");

    dataSource2.setUsername("root");

    dataSource2.setPassword("");

    dataSourceMap.put("ds1", dataSource2);

    // 配置Order表规则

    TableRuleConfiguration orderTableRuleConfig = new TableRuleConfiguration();

    orderTableRuleConfig.setLogicTable("t_order");

    orderTableRuleConfig.setActualDataNodes("ds${0..1}.t_order${0..1}");

    // 配置分库 + 分表策略

    orderTableRuleConfig.setDatabaseShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("user_id", "ds${user_id % 2}"));

    orderTableRuleConfig.setTableShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("order_id", "t_order${order_id % 2}"));

    // 配置分片规则

    ShardingRuleConfiguration shardingRuleConfig = new ShardingRuleConfiguration();

    shardingRuleConfig.getTableRuleConfigs().add(orderTableRuleConfig);

    // 省略配置order_item表规则...

    // ...

    // 获取数据源对象

    DataSource dataSource = ShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dataSourceMap, shardingRuleConfig, new ConcurrentHashMap(), new Properties());

基于Yaml的规则配置

或通过Yaml方式配置，与以上配置等价：

dataSources:

  ds0: !!org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource

    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0

    username: root

    password:

  ds1: !!org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource

    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1

    username: root

    password: 

tables:

  t_order:

    actualDataNodes: ds${0..1}.t_order${0..1}

    databaseStrategy:

      inline:

        shardingColumn: user_id

        algorithmInlineExpression: ds${user_id % 2}

    tableStrategy:

      inline:

        shardingColumn: order_id

        algorithmInlineExpression: t_order${order_id % 2}

  t_order_item:

    actualDataNodes: ds${0..1}.t_order_item${0..1}

    databaseStrategy:

      inline:

        shardingColumn: user_id

        algorithmInlineExpression: ds${user_id % 2}

    tableStrategy:

      inline:

        shardingColumn: order_id

        algorithmInlineExpression: t_order_item${order_id % 2}

    DataSource dataSource = YamlShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(yamlFile);

使用原生JDBC

通过ShardingDataSourceFactory或者YamlShardingDataSourceFactory工厂和规则配置对象获取ShardingDataSource，ShardingDataSource实现自JDBC的标准接口DataSource。然后可通过DataSource选择使用原生JDBC开发，或者使用JPA, MyBatis等ORM工具。以JDBC原生实现为例：

DataSource dataSource = YamlShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(yamlFile);

String sql = "SELECT i.* FROM t_order o JOIN t_order_item i ON o.order_id=i.order_id WHERE o.user_id=? AND o.order_id=?";

try (

        Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();

        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

    preparedStatement.setInt(1, 10);

    preparedStatement.setInt(2, 1001);

    try (ResultSet rs = preparedStatement.executeQuery()) {

        while(rs.next()) {

            System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));

            System.out.println(rs.getInt(2));

        }

    }

}

使用Spring

引入Maven依赖

<!-- for spring boot -->

<dependency>

    <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId>

    <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>

    <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version>

</dependency>

<!-- for spring namespace -->

<dependency>

    <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId>

    <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId>

    <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version>

</dependency>

基于Spring boot的规则配置

sharding.jdbc.datasource.names=ds0,ds1

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds0.type=org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds0.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds0.username=root

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds0.password=

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds1.type=org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds1.username=root

sharding.jdbc.datasource.ds1.password=

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=user_id

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=ds$->{user_id % 2}

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.t_order.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..1}.t_order$->{0..1}

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.t_order.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=order_id

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.t_order.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_order$->{order_id % 2}

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.t_order_item.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..1}.t_order_item$->{0..1}

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.t_order_item.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=order_id

sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.t_order_item.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_order_item$->{order_id % 2}

基于Spring命名空间的规则配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:sharding="http://shardingsphere.io/schema/shardingsphere/sharding"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

                        http://shardingsphere.io/schema/shardingsphere/sharding

                        http://shardingsphere.io/schema/shardingsphere/sharding/sharding.xsd

                        ">

    <bean id="ds0" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0" />

        <property name="username" value="root" />

        <property name="password" value="" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="ds1" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1" />

        <property name="username" value="root" />

        <property name="password" value="" />

    </bean>

    <sharding:inline-strategy id="databaseStrategy" sharding-column="user_id" algorithm-expression="ds$->{user_id % 2}" />

    <sharding:inline-strategy id="orderTableStrategy" sharding-column="order_id" algorithm-expression="t_order$->{order_id % 2}" />

    <sharding:inline-strategy id="orderItemTableStrategy" sharding-column="order_id" algorithm-expression="t_order_item$->{order_id % 2}" />

    <sharding:data-source id="shardingDataSource">

        <sharding:sharding-rule data-source-names="ds0,ds1">

            <sharding:table-rules>

                <sharding:table-rule logic-table="t_order" actual-data-nodes="ds$->{0..1}.t_order$->{0..1}" database-strategy-ref="databaseStrategy" table-strategy-ref="orderTableStrategy" />

                <sharding:table-rule logic-table="t_order_item" actual-data-nodes="ds$->{0..1}.t_order_item$->{0..1}" database-strategy-ref="databaseStrategy" table-strategy-ref="orderItemTableStrategy" />

            </sharding:table-rules>

        </sharding:sharding-rule>

    </sharding:data-source>

</beans>

在Spring中使用DataSource

直接通过注入的方式即可使用DataSource，或者将DataSource配置在JPA、Hibernate或MyBatis中使用。

@Resource

private DataSource dataSource;

规则配置包括数据源配置、表规则配置、分库策略和分表策略组成。这只是最简

sharding-jdbc数据分片配置

数据 分片

不使用Spring

引入Maven依赖

基于Java编码的规则配置

基于Yaml的规则配置

使用原生JDBC

使用Spring

引入Maven依赖

基于Spring boot的规则配置

基于Spring命名空间的规则配置

在Spring中使用DataSource

sharding-jdbc数据分片配置的相关教程结束。

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