HDU 1372 Knight Moves （bfs）

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)

Problem Description
A friend of you is doing research on the Traveling
Knight Problem (TKP) where you are to find the shortest closed tour of knight
moves that visits each square of a given set of n squares on a chessboard
exactly once. He thinks that the most difficult part of the problem is
determining the smallest number of knight moves between two given squares and
that, once you have accomplished this, finding the tour would be easy.
Of
course you know that it is vice versa. So you offer him to write a program that
solves the "difficult" part.

Your job is to write a program that takes
two squares a and b as input and then determines the number of knight moves on a
shortest route from a to b.

Input
The input file will contain one or more test cases.
Each test case consists of one line containing two squares separated by one
space. A square is a string consisting of a letter (a-h) representing the column
and a digit (1-8) representing the row on the chessboard.

Output
For each test case, print one line saying "To get from
xx to yy takes n knight moves.".

Sample Input

e2 e4
a1 b2
b2 c3
a1 h8

a1 h7

h8 a1

b1 c3

f6 f6

Sample Output

To get from e2 to e4 takes 2 knight moves.
To get from a1 to b2 takes 4 knight moves.
To get from b2 to c3 takes 2 knight moves.
To get from a1 to h8 takes 6 knight moves.
To get from a1 to h7 takes 5 knight moves.
To get from h8 to a1 takes 6 knight moves.
To get from b1 to c3 takes 1 knight moves.
To get from f6 to f6 takes 0 knight moves.

题目大意：
　　　　　　在一个棋盘上（象棋），水平方向a--h竖直方向1--8，每组样例给定两个坐标，
　　　　　　求象棋中的 ‘马’ 至少需要几步能够从位置一到达位置二。
解题思路：
　　　　　　广搜，因为“马走日” 所以马在一个位置上最多能够走八个位置，
　　　　　　定义一个八个位置的数组，每次搜索八个位置即可。

AC代码：

 #include <stdio.h>

 #include <string.h>

 #include <algorithm>

 #include <queue>

 using namespace std;

 struct point

 {

     int x,y;

 };

 int p[][];     // 标记步数

 int sx,sy,dx,dy;   // 起始地点 和 终点

 int aa[][] = {-,-,-,-,,-,,-,,,,,-,,-,};  // 方向数组

 void bfs(int a,int b)

 {

     memset(p,,sizeof(p));

     queue<point > que;

     point p1,p2,p3;

     p1.x = a; p1.y = b;      // 将起始点加入队列

     que.push(p1);

     p[a][b] = ;

     if (a==dx && b==dy)      // 如果起始点和终点相同 直接输出

         return ;

     while (!que.empty())

     {

         p2 = que.front();

         for (int i = ; i < ; i ++)

         {

             p3.x = p2.x+aa[i][];

             p3.y = p2.y+aa[i][];

             if (p3.x> && p3.x<= && p3.y> && p3.y<=)   // 判断边界

             {

                 if (!p[p3.x][p3.y])

                 {

                    que.push(p3);

                    p[p3.x][p3.y] = p[p2.x][p2.y]+;

                    if (p3.x == dx && p3.y==dy)     // 如果到达终点直接输出

                         return ;

                 }

             }

         }

         que.pop();

     }

     return ;

 }

 int main ()

 {

     char s1[],s2[];

     while (scanf("%s%s",s1,s2)!=EOF)

     {

         sx = s1[]-'a'+;

         sy = s1[]-'';

         dx = s2[]-'a'+;

         dy = s2[]-'';

         bfs(sx,sy);

         printf("To get from %s to %s takes %d knight moves.\n",s1,s2,p[dx][dy]);

     }

     return ;

 }