[tomcat7源码学习]初始化之catalina.home和catalina.base(转)

2022-11-12,,,,

我们在代码中为了获取某个配置文件路径下的文件经常会这么写

String tomcatPath = System.getProperty("catalina.home") + "/webapps/axis2/WEB-INF/conf/";
tomcatPath = tomcatPath.replace("/", File.separator); //使用此方法是为了区分unix系统与windows,
//File.separator UNIX中为/,而WINDOWS下为\

而在检查环境变量的时候可能会发现,系统中并不存在catalina.home或者说并不存在CATALINA_HOME环境变量,那么我们在运行时成功的得到了CATALINA_HOME路径,

并且如果多个tomcat实例存在,那么可以得到各自tomcat实例下安装路径对应的路径。

这是因为System.getProperty严格意义上来讲指AppClassLoader得到的property,即程序运行时的环境变量。

例如在TOMCAT运行时中,TOMCAT启动之初便会设置环境变量catalina.home。

所以可以得到tomcat实例下对应的路径。

参考:

[tomcat7源码学习]初始化之catalina.home和catalina.base

初始化之catalina.home和catalina.base

首先先看一下这两个参数在tomcat源码中的注释(参考类Globals):

/**
* Name of the system property containing
* the tomcat product installation path
*/
public static final String CATALINA_HOME_PROP = "catalina.home"; /**
* Name of the system property containing
* the tomcat instance installation path
*/
public static final String CATALINA_BASE_PROP = "catalina.base";

就两个差异,一个是product,一个是instance。

再看一下RUNNING.txt中的说明

==================================================
Advanced Configuration - Multiple Tomcat Instances
================================================== In many circumstances, it is desirable to have a single copy of a Tomcat
binary distribution shared among multiple users on the same server. To make
this possible, you can set the CATALINA_BASE environment variable to the
directory that contains the files for your 'personal' Tomcat instance. When running with a separate CATALINA_HOME and CATALINA_BASE, the files
and directories are split as following: In CATALINA_BASE: * bin - Only the following files: * setenv.sh (*nix) or setenv.bat (Windows),
* tomcat-juli.jar The setenv scripts were described above. The tomcat-juli library
is documented in the Logging chapter in the User Guide. * conf - Server configuration files (including server.xml) * lib - Libraries and classes, as explained below * logs - Log and output files * webapps - Automatically loaded web applications * work - Temporary working directories for web applications * temp - Directory used by the JVM for temporary files (java.io.tmpdir) In CATALINA_HOME: * bin - Startup and shutdown scripts The following files will be used only if they are absent in
CATALINA_BASE/bin: setenv.sh (*nix), setenv.bat (Windows), tomcat-juli.jar * lib - Libraries and classes, as explained below * endorsed - Libraries that override standard "Endorsed Standards"
libraries provided by JRE. See Classloading documentation
in the User Guide for details. By default this "endorsed" directory is absent.

大概意思就是

CATALINA_BASE:是实例配置位置,也就是一个tomcat可以配置多个实例,实例里面有自己的配置
CATALINA_HOME:是tomcat安装位置

tomcat内部设置

1.从入口org.apache.catalina.startup.main方法开始跟踪,

Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
try {
bootstrap.init();
} catch (Throwable t) {
handleThrowable(t);
t.printStackTrace();
return;
}
daemon = bootstrap;

这是tomcat7第一次启动时最先执行的代码。

2.进入init,就是一堆初始化了,最先执行的

// Set Catalina path
setCatalinaHome();
setCatalinaBase();

3.进入setCatalinaHome()

if (System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP) != null)
return;
File bootstrapJar =
new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"), "bootstrap.jar");
if (bootstrapJar.exists()) {
try {
System.setProperty
(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP,
(new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"), ".."))
.getCanonicalPath());
} catch (Exception e) {
// Ignore
System.setProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP,
System.getProperty("user.dir"));
}
} else {
System.setProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP,
System.getProperty("user.dir"));
}

它的步骤是:

1.从system中取,如果有就直接返回。

2.如果bootstrap.jar在当前工作目录,就取上一级,返回。

3.如果bootstrap.jar没有在当前工作目录,那么就设置CATALINA_HOME为当前工作目录

4.进入setCatalinaBase()

if (System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_BASE_PROP) != null)
return;
if (System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP) != null)
System.setProperty(Globals.CATALINA_BASE_PROP,
System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP));
else
System.setProperty(Globals.CATALINA_BASE_PROP,
System.getProperty("user.dir"));

它的步骤是:

1.从system中取,如果有就直接返回。

2.如果已经设置了CATALINA_HOME,就设置CATALINA_BASECATALINA_HOME,返回。

3.设置CATALINA_BASE为当前工作目录

总结

1.如果我们安装的tomcat就只有一个实例,就只需要配置CATALINA_HOME

2.有时候项目太多,它们相互之间的一些配置又有些不同,我们就可以考虑用多个实例,而不必去复制多个tomcat了。实例配置了之后,在启动时只需要指定CATALINA_BASE就可以了

[tomcat7源码学习]初始化之catalina.home和catalina.base(转)的相关教程结束。

《[tomcat7源码学习]初始化之catalina.home和catalina.base(转).doc》

下载本文的Word格式文档,以方便收藏与打印。