C++实现数据结构的顺序表详解

前言：

hello，大家好，这篇文章博主来分享一下C++实现数据结构中的顺序表的代码。希望对大家有所帮助。

在博主之前的文章中，已经详细地写过顺序表，读者可以点击查看C语言如何建立链表并实现增删查改，在之前的文章中，是用C语言来实现的，这篇文章中，我们用C++来实现。

代码

1.SeqList.h

#ifndef SEQLIST_H
#define SEQLIST_H
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template<class T,int MAXSIZE>
class SeqList
{
	T data[MAXSIZE];
	int length;
public:
	SeqList();
	SeqList(T a[],int n);
	~SeqList();
	int ListLength();
	T Get(int pos);
	int Locate(T item);
	void SeqPrint();
	void Insert(int i, T item);
	T Delete(int i);
};
#endif

2.SeqList.cpp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS   1
#include"SeqList.h"
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
SeqList<T,MAXSIZE>::SeqList()
{
	length = 0;
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::SeqList(T a[], int n)
{
	if (n < MAXSIZE)
	{
		length = n;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		{
			data[i] = a[i];
		}
	}
	else
	{
		cerr << "您的数据已经超过范围，系统无法继续工作" << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::~SeqList()
{
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
int SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::ListLength()
{
	return length;
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
T SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::Get(int pos)
{
	if (pos > length || pos < 0)
	{
		cerr << "您要查找的位置不存在，系统无法继续为您服务" << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
	else
	{
		return data[pos - 1];
	}
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
int SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::Locate(T item)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		if (data[i] == item)
			return i + 1;
	}
	return -1;
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
void SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::SeqPrint()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		cout << data[i] << "  ";
	}
	cout << endl;
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
void SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::Insert(int i, T item)
{
	if (length < MAXSIZE)
	{
		for (int j = length - 1; j>=i - 1; j--)
		{
			data[j + 1] = data[j];
		}
		data[i - 1] = item;
		length++;
	}
	else
	{
		cerr << "抱歉，当前已经达到系统最大的储存，无法为您插入" << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
}
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
T SeqList<T, MAXSIZE>::Delete(int i)
{
	if (length == 0)
	{
		cerr << "当前无可删除元素" << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
	if (i<1 || i>length)
	{
		cerr << "该位置非法" << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
	T x = data[i - 1];
	for (int j = i; j < length; j++)
	{
		data[j - 1] = data[j];
	}
	length--;
	return x;
}

3.test.cpp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS   1
#include"SeqList.cpp"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void menu()
{
	cout << "|------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|----------- 欢迎来到顺序表 ---------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------1.插入---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------2.删除---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------3.求长---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------4.取值---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------5.定位---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------6.打印---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|---------------0.退出---------------|" << endl;
	cout << "|------------------------------------|" << endl;
}
int main()
{
	int *a;
	int n;
	cout << "请输入您要构造的顺序表的长度" << endl;
	cin >> n;
	a = new int[n];
	cout << "请输入该顺序表中的每一个元素" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cin >> a[i];
	}
	SeqList<int, 20>seq(a, n);
	cout << "现在开始我们的程序之旅" << endl;
	int input=0;
	do
	{
		menu();
		cout << "输入您要进行的操作的编号" << endl;
		cin >> input;
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			cout << "请输入您要插入的位置和数值" << endl;
			int pos;
			int value;
			cin >> pos;
			cin >> value;
			seq.Insert(pos,value);
			break;
		case 2:
			cout << "请输入您要删除的位置" << endl;
			int pos1;
			cin >> pos1;
			cout << "您删除的元素的值为：";
			cout << seq.Delete(pos1) << endl;
			break;
		case 3:
			cout << "您的顺序表当前的长度为：" << seq.ListLength() << endl;
			break;
		case 4:
			cout << "请输入您要查找的位置" << endl;
			int pos2;
			cin >> pos2;
			cout << "您查找的元素的值为：";
			cout << seq.Get(pos2) << endl;;
			break;
		case 5:
			cout << "请输入您要查找的元素" << endl;
			int item;
			cin >> item;
			cout << "您查找的元素的位置为：";
			cout << seq.Locate(item) << endl;;
			break;
		case 6:
			cout << "当前顺序表如下：" << endl;
			seq.SeqPrint();
			break;
		case 0:
			cout << "程序退出，感谢使用" << endl;
			exit(-1);
			break;
		default :
			cout << "您的输入有误，请重新选择" << endl;
		}
	} while (input);
	return 0;
}