分布式安装部署MinIO

2022-11-18,,,

官方文档地址:http://docs.minio.org.cn/docs/master/distributed-minio-quickstart-guide

前提条件:分布式Minio至少需要4个硬盘,使用分布式Minio自动引入了纠删码功能。

注意:

分布式Minio里所有的节点需要有同样的access秘钥和secret秘钥,这样这些节点才能建立联接。为了实现这个,你需要在执行minio server命令之前,先将access秘钥和secret秘钥export成环境变量。
分布式Minio使用的磁盘里必须是干净的,里面没有数据。
下面示例里的IP仅供示例参考,你需要改成你真实用到的IP和文件夹路径。
分布式Minio里的节点时间差不能超过3秒,你可以使用NTP 来保证时间一致。
在Windows下运行分布式Minio处于实验阶段,请悠着点使用。

这里演示使用一台主机上的4块磁盘,每个磁盘1G

官方步骤:

export MINIO_ACCESS_KEY=<ACCESS_KEY>
export MINIO_SECRET_KEY=<SECRET_KEY>
minio server http://192.168.1.11/export1 http://192.168.1.12/export2 \
http://192.168.1.13/export3 http://192.168.1.14/export4 \
http://192.168.1.15/export5 http://192.168.1.16/export6 \
http://192.168.1.17/export7 http://192.168.1.18/export8

实际操作步骤:

1.在一台主机上创建4个不同的路径模拟4个不同的磁盘来进行

从执行结果来看,这种方式行不通

export MINIO_ACCESS_KEY=admin
export MINIO_SECRET_KEY=12345678 mkdir -p /mnt/{data1,data2,data3,data4}
/usr/local/minio/bin/minio server http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data1 http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data2 http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data3 http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data4 --console-address ":9001" # 操作完毕后提示信息如下
WARNING: MINIO_ACCESS_KEY and MINIO_SECRET_KEY are deprecated.
Please use MINIO_ROOT_USER and MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD
Formatting 1st pool, 1 set(s), 4 drives per set.
WARNING: Host 192.168.20.102 has more than 2 drives of set. A host failure will result in data becoming unavailable. API: SYSTEM()
Time: 09:24:00 UTC 03/10/2022
Error: Disk `/mnt/data1` is part of root disk, will not be used (*errors.errorString)
7: cmd/erasure-sets.go:1257:cmd.markRootDisksAsDown()
6: cmd/format-erasure.go:792:cmd.initFormatErasure()
5: cmd/prepare-storage.go:222:cmd.connectLoadInitFormats()
4: cmd/prepare-storage.go:306:cmd.waitForFormatErasure()
3: cmd/erasure-server-pool.go:91:cmd.newErasureServerPools()
2: cmd/server-main.go:640:cmd.newObjectLayer()
1: cmd/server-main.go:491:cmd.serverMain() API: SYSTEM()
Time: 09:24:00 UTC 03/10/2022
Error: Disk `/mnt/data2` is part of root disk, will not be used (*errors.errorString)
7: cmd/erasure-sets.go:1257:cmd.markRootDisksAsDown()
6: cmd/format-erasure.go:792:cmd.initFormatErasure()
5: cmd/prepare-storage.go:222:cmd.connectLoadInitFormats()
4: cmd/prepare-storage.go:306:cmd.waitForFormatErasure()
3: cmd/erasure-server-pool.go:91:cmd.newErasureServerPools()
2: cmd/server-main.go:640:cmd.newObjectLayer()
1: cmd/server-main.go:491:cmd.serverMain() API: SYSTEM()
Time: 09:24:00 UTC 03/10/2022
Error: Disk `/mnt/data3` is part of root disk, will not be used (*errors.errorString)
7: cmd/erasure-sets.go:1257:cmd.markRootDisksAsDown()
6: cmd/format-erasure.go:792:cmd.initFormatErasure()
5: cmd/prepare-storage.go:222:cmd.connectLoadInitFormats()
4: cmd/prepare-storage.go:306:cmd.waitForFormatErasure()
3: cmd/erasure-server-pool.go:91:cmd.newErasureServerPools()
2: cmd/server-main.go:640:cmd.newObjectLayer()
1: cmd/server-main.go:491:cmd.serverMain() API: SYSTEM()
Time: 09:24:00 UTC 03/10/2022
Error: Disk `/mnt/data4` is part of root disk, will not be used (*errors.errorString)
7: cmd/erasure-sets.go:1257:cmd.markRootDisksAsDown()
6: cmd/format-erasure.go:792:cmd.initFormatErasure()
5: cmd/prepare-storage.go:222:cmd.connectLoadInitFormats()
4: cmd/prepare-storage.go:306:cmd.waitForFormatErasure()
3: cmd/erasure-server-pool.go:91:cmd.newErasureServerPools()
2: cmd/server-main.go:640:cmd.newObjectLayer()
1: cmd/server-main.go:491:cmd.serverMain()
Formatting 1st pool, 1 set(s), 4 drives per set.
WARNING: Host 192.168.20.102 has more than 2 drives of set. A host failure will result in data becoming unavailable.

改进步骤:

# 根据上一步的执行提示,更新设置的环境变量名
export MINIO_ROOT_USER=admin
export MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=12345678 # 新加四块磁盘,每个磁盘空间1G,不分区,直接格式化后挂载 # 不重启,直接刷新磁盘数据总线,获取新加的磁盘
for host in $(ls /sys/class/scsi_host) ; do echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/$host/scan; done # lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 39G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 1G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 1G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 1G 0 disk [root@myrabbit3 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition!
无论如何也要继续? (y,n) y
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376 Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (8192 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 [root@myrabbit3 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
无论如何也要继续? (y,n) y
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376 Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (8192 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 [root@myrabbit3 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/sdd is entire device, not just one partition!
无论如何也要继续? (y,n) y
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376 Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (8192 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 [root@myrabbit3 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sde
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/sde is entire device, not just one partition!
无论如何也要继续? (y,n) y
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376 Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (8192 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 [root@myrabbit3 ~]# mount /dev/sdb /mnt/data1/
[root@myrabbit3 ~]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt/data2/
[root@myrabbit3 ~]# mount /dev/sdd /mnt/data3/
[root@myrabbit3 ~]# mount /dev/sde /mnt/data4/ # lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 39G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk /mnt/data1
sdc 8:32 0 1G 0 disk /mnt/data2
sdd 8:48 0 1G 0 disk /mnt/data3
sde 8:64 0 1G 0 disk /mnt/data4 # 记得把磁盘挂载信息写道/etc/fstab文件中 # /usr/local/minio/bin/minio server http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data1 http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data2 http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data3 http://192.168.20.102/mnt/data4 --console-address ":9001"
WARNING: MINIO_ACCESS_KEY and MINIO_SECRET_KEY are deprecated.
Please use MINIO_ROOT_USER and MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD
Automatically configured API requests per node based on available memory on the system: 55
Status: 4 Online, 0 Offline.
API: http://192.168.20.102:9000 http://127.0.0.1:9000
RootUser: admin
RootPass: 12345678 Console: http://192.168.20.102:9001 http://127.0.0.1:9001
RootUser: admin
RootPass: 12345678 Command-line: https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-client-quickstart-guide
$ mc alias set myminio http://192.168.20.102:9000 admin 12345678 Documentation: https://docs.min.io

扩展现有的分布式集群

例如我们是通过区的方式启动MinIO集群,命令行如下:

export MINIO_ACCESS_KEY=<ACCESS_KEY>
export MINIO_SECRET_KEY=<SECRET_KEY>
minio server http://host{1...32}/export{1...32}

MinIO支持通过命令,指定新的集群来扩展现有集群(纠删码模式),命令行如下:

export MINIO_ACCESS_KEY=<ACCESS_KEY>
export MINIO_SECRET_KEY=<SECRET_KEY>
minio server http://host{1...32}/export{1...32} http://host{33...64}/export{1...32}

新的对象上传请求会自动分配到最少使用的集群上。通过以上扩展策略,您就可以按需扩展您的集群。重新配置后重启集群,会立即在集群中生效,并对现有集群无影响。如上命令中,我们可以把原来的集群看做一个区,新增集群看做另一个区,新对象按每个区域中的可用空间比例放置在区域中。在每个区域内,基于确定性哈希算法确定位置。

说明: 您添加的每个区域必须具有与原始区域相同的磁盘数量(纠删码集)大小,以便维持相同的数据冗余SLA。 例如,第一个区有8个磁盘,您可以将集群扩展为16个、32个或1024个磁盘的区域,您只需确保部署的SLA是原始区域的倍数即可。

多个节点的存储容量和就是分布式Minio的存储容量。

分布式安装部署MinIO的相关教程结束。

《分布式安装部署MinIO.doc》

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