技术教程 SpringSecurity+JWT实现前后端分离的使用详解 正文

SpringSecurity+JWT实现前后端分离的使用详解

2022-07-25,,,,

创建一个配置类 securityconfig 继承 websecurityconfigureradapter

package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;
import org.springframework.security.access.hierarchicalroles.rolehierarchy;
import org.springframework.security.access.hierarchicalroles.rolehierarchyimpl;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.authenticationmanager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.authenticationmanagerbuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.enableglobalmethodsecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.httpsecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.websecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.enablewebsecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.websecurityconfigureradapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.sessioncreationpolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.user;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetailsservice;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.passwordencoderfactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.passwordencoder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.inmemoryuserdetailsmanager;
import org.springframework.security.web.authenticationentrypoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.accessdeniedhandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.authenticationfailurehandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.authenticationsuccesshandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.logoutsuccesshandler;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.filter.jwtauthenticationtokenfilter;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.jwttokenutil;


@enablewebsecurity
@enableglobalmethodsecurity(prepostenabled = true)
public class securityconfig extends websecurityconfigureradapter {

  final authenticationfailurehandler authenticationfailurehandler;
  final authenticationsuccesshandler authenticationsuccesshandler;
  final authenticationentrypoint authenticationentrypoint;
  final accessdeniedhandler accessdeniedhandler;
  final logoutsuccesshandler logoutsuccesshandler;

  public securityconfig(authenticationfailurehandler authenticationfailurehandler, authenticationsuccesshandler authenticationsuccesshandler, authenticationentrypoint authenticationentrypoint, accessdeniedhandler accessdeniedhandler, logoutsuccesshandler logoutsuccesshandler) {
    this.authenticationfailurehandler = authenticationfailurehandler;
    this.authenticationsuccesshandler = authenticationsuccesshandler;
    this.authenticationentrypoint = authenticationentrypoint;
    this.accessdeniedhandler = accessdeniedhandler;
    this.logoutsuccesshandler = logoutsuccesshandler;
  }

  @bean
  public passwordencoder passwordencoder() {
    return passwordencoderfactories.createdelegatingpasswordencoder();
  }

  @bean("users")
  public userdetailsservice users() {
    userdetails user = user.builder()
        .username("user")
        .password("{bcrypt}$2a$10$1.nsmxloymgjhxoi8cwwxuu83g0/hitxxrobo4qwzmtdp0tzpbcf.")
        .roles("user")
//        roles 和 authorities 不能并存
//        .authorities(new string[]{"system:user:query", "system:user:edit", "system:user:delete"})
        .build();
    userdetails admin = user.builder()
        .username("admin")
        .password("{bcrypt}$2a$10$1.nsmxloymgjhxoi8cwwxuu83g0/hitxxrobo4qwzmtdp0tzpbcf.")
//        .roles("user", "admin")
        .roles("admin")
//        .authorities("system:user:create")
        .build();
    return new inmemoryuserdetailsmanager(user, admin);
  }

  /**
   * 角色继承：
   * 让admin角色拥有user的角色的权限
   * @return
   */
  @bean
  public rolehierarchy rolehierarchy() {
    rolehierarchyimpl result = new rolehierarchyimpl();
    result.sethierarchy("role_admin > role_user");
    return result;
  }

  @override
  protected void configure(authenticationmanagerbuilder auth) throws exception {
    auth.userdetailsservice(users());
  }

  @override
  public void configure(websecurity web) throws exception {
    web.ignoring().antmatchers("/js/**", "/css/**", "/images/**");
  }

  @override
  protected void configure(httpsecurity http) throws exception {
    // 自定义异常处理
    http.exceptionhandling()
        .authenticationentrypoint(authenticationentrypoint)
        .accessdeniedhandler(accessdeniedhandler)

        // 权限
        .and()
        .authorizerequests()
        // 一个是必须待身份信息但是不校验权限。
        .antmatchers("/", "/mock/login").permitall()
        //只允许匿名访问
        .antmatchers("/hello").anonymous()
        .anyrequest()
        .authenticated()

        // 表单登录
//        .and()
//        .formlogin()
//        .successhandler(authenticationsuccesshandler)
//        .failurehandler(authenticationfailurehandler)
//        .loginprocessingurl("/login")
//        .permitall()

        // 注销
        .and()
        .logout()
        .logouturl("/logout")
        .logoutsuccesshandler(logoutsuccesshandler)
        .permitall()

        // 关闭csrf 会在页面中生成一个csrf_token
        .and()
        .csrf()
        .disable()

        // 基于token，所以不需要session
        .sessionmanagement()
        .sessioncreationpolicy(sessioncreationpolicy.stateless)
// 添加我们的jwt过滤器
    .and()
    .addfilterbefore(jwtauthenticationtokenfilter(), usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter.class)
    ;
  }

  @bean
  public jwtauthenticationtokenfilter jwtauthenticationtokenfilter(){
    return new jwtauthenticationtokenfilter();
  }

  @bean
  @override
  public authenticationmanager authenticationmanagerbean() throws exception {
    return super.authenticationmanagerbean();
  }

  @bean
  public jwttokenutil jwttokenutil() {
    return new jwttokenutil();
  }
}

创建jwt过滤器 继承 onceperrequestfilter

这里直接用的macro大佬 mall商城里的例子

package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.filter;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.slf4j;
import org.slf4j.logger;
import org.slf4j.loggerfactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.value;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.securitycontextholder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetailsservice;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.webauthenticationdetailssource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.onceperrequestfilter;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.jwttokenutil;

import javax.servlet.filterchain;
import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import java.io.ioexception;

/**
 * jwt登录授权过滤器
 *
 * @author macro
 * @date 2018/4/26
 */
@slf4j
public class jwtauthenticationtokenfilter extends onceperrequestfilter {
  @qualifier("users")
  @autowired
  private userdetailsservice userdetailsservice;
  @autowired
  private jwttokenutil jwttokenutil;
  @value("${jwt.tokenheader}")
  private string tokenheader;
  @value("${jwt.tokenhead}")
  private string tokenhead;
  @override
  protected void dofilterinternal(httpservletrequest request,
                  httpservletresponse response,
                  filterchain chain) throws servletexception, ioexception {
    string authheader = request.getheader(this.tokenheader);
    if (authheader != null && authheader.startswith(this.tokenhead)) {
      string authtoken = authheader.substring(this.tokenhead.length());// the part after "bearer "
      string username = jwttokenutil.getusernamefromtoken(authtoken);
      log.info("checking username:{}", username);
      if (username != null && securitycontextholder.getcontext().getauthentication() == null) {
        userdetails userdetails = this.userdetailsservice.loaduserbyusername(username);
        if (jwttokenutil.validatetoken(authtoken, userdetails)) {
          usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken authentication = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken(userdetails, null, userdetails.getauthorities());
          authentication.setdetails(new webauthenticationdetailssource().builddetails(request));
          log.info("authenticated user:{}", username);
          securitycontextholder.getcontext().setauthentication(authentication);
        }
      }
    }
    chain.dofilter(request, response);
  }
}

自定义handler

这里主要介绍两个hanler，一个权限不足，一个验证失败的

权限不足 实现 accessdeniedhandler 

package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.handler;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.objectmapper;
import org.springframework.security.access.accessdeniedexception;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.accessdeniedhandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.component;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.commonresult;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.resultenum;

import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.printwriter;


@component
public class myaccessdeinehandler implements accessdeniedhandler {
  @override
  public void handle(httpservletrequest httpservletrequest, httpservletresponse httpservletresponse, accessdeniedexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception {
    httpservletresponse.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    printwriter writer = httpservletresponse.getwriter();
    writer.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(new commonresult<>(resultenum.access_error, e.getmessage())));
    writer.flush();
    writer.close();
  }
}

认证失败 实现 authenticationentrypoint

如账号密码错误等验证不通过时

package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.handler;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.objectmapper;
import org.springframework.security.core.authenticationexception;
import org.springframework.security.web.authenticationentrypoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.component;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.commonresult;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.resultenum;

import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.printwriter;


@component
public class myauthenticationentrypoint implements authenticationentrypoint {
  @override
  public void commence(httpservletrequest httpservletrequest, httpservletresponse httpservletresponse, authenticationexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception {
    httpservletresponse.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    printwriter writer = httpservletresponse.getwriter();
//     认证失败
    writer.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(new commonresult<>(resultenum.authentication_error, e.getmessage())));
    writer.flush();
    writer.close();
  }
}

jwt工具类

这里直接用的macro大佬 mall商城里的例子

稍微改了一点，因为 jdk11 用的 jjwt 版本不一样 ，语法也有些不同

pom 文件中引入 jjwt 

<dependency>
  <groupid>io.jsonwebtoken</groupid>
  <artifactid>jjwt-api</artifactid>
  <version>0.11.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupid>io.jsonwebtoken</groupid>
  <artifactid>jjwt-impl</artifactid>
  <version>0.11.2</version>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupid>io.jsonwebtoken</groupid>
  <artifactid>jjwt-jackson</artifactid> <!-- or jjwt-gson if gson is preferred -->
  <version>0.11.2</version>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

jwttokenutil 

package top.ryzeyang.demo.utils;

import cn.hutool.core.date.dateutil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.strutil;
import io.jsonwebtoken.claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.io.decoders;
import io.jsonwebtoken.security.keys;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.value;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetails;

import javax.crypto.secretkey;
import java.util.date;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.map;

/**
 * jwttoken生成的工具类
 * jwt token的格式：header.payload.signature
 * header的格式（算法、token的类型）：
 * {"alg": "hs512","typ": "jwt"}
 * payload的格式（用户名、创建时间、生成时间）：
 * {"sub":"wang","created":1489079981393,"exp":1489684781}
 * signature的生成算法：
 * hmacsha512(base64urlencode(header) + "." +base64urlencode(payload),secret)
 *
 * @author macro
 * @date 2018/4/26
 */
@slf4j
public class jwttokenutil {
  private static final string claim_key_username = "sub";
  private static final string claim_key_created = "created";

  @value("${jwt.secret}")
  private string secret;

  @value("${jwt.expiration}")
  private long expiration;

  @value("${jwt.tokenhead}")
  private string tokenhead;

  private secretkey getsecretkey() {
    byte[] encodekey = decoders.base64.decode(secret);
    return keys.hmacshakeyfor(encodekey);
  }

  /**
   * 根据负责生成jwt的token
   */
  private string generatetoken(map<string, object> claims) {
    secretkey secretkey = getsecretkey();
    return jwts.builder()
        .setclaims(claims)
        .setexpiration(generateexpirationdate())
        .signwith(secretkey)
        .compact();
  }

  /**
   * 测试生成的token
   * @param claims
   * @return
   */
  public string generatetoken2(map<string, object> claims) {
    secretkey secretkey = getsecretkey();
    return jwts.builder()
        .setclaims(claims)
        .setissuer("java4ye")
        .setexpiration(new date(system.currenttimemillis() + 1 * 1000))
        .signwith(secretkey)
        .compact();
  }

  /**
   * 从token中获取jwt中的负载
   */
  private claims getclaimsfromtoken(string token) {
    secretkey secretkey = getsecretkey();
    claims claims = null;
    try {
      claims = jwts.parserbuilder()
          .setsigningkey(secretkey)
          .build()
          .parseclaimsjws(token)
          .getbody();
    } catch (exception e) {
      log.info("jwt格式验证失败:{}", token);
    }
    return claims;
  }

  /**
   * 生成token的过期时间
   */
  private date generateexpirationdate() {
    return new date(system.currenttimemillis() + expiration * 1000);
  }

  /**
   * 从token中获取登录用户名
   */
  public string getusernamefromtoken(string token) {
    string username;
    try {
      claims claims = getclaimsfromtoken(token);
      username = claims.getsubject();
    } catch (exception e) {
      username = null;
    }
    return username;
  }

  /**
   * 验证token是否还有效
   *
   * @param token    客户端传入的token
   * @param userdetails 从数据库中查询出来的用户信息
   */
  public boolean validatetoken(string token, userdetails userdetails) {
    string username = getusernamefromtoken(token);
    return username.equals(userdetails.getusername()) && !istokenexpired(token);
  }

  /**
   * 判断token是否已经失效
   */
  private boolean istokenexpired(string token) {
    date expireddate = getexpireddatefromtoken(token);
    return expireddate.before(new date());
  }

  /**
   * 从token中获取过期时间
   */
  private date getexpireddatefromtoken(string token) {
    claims claims = getclaimsfromtoken(token);
    return claims.getexpiration();
  }

  /**
   * 根据用户信息生成token
   */
  public string generatetoken(userdetails userdetails) {
    map<string, object> claims = new hashmap<>();
    claims.put(claim_key_username, userdetails.getusername());
    claims.put(claim_key_created, new date());
    return generatetoken(claims);
  }

  /**
   * 当原来的token没过期时是可以刷新的
   *
   * @param oldtoken 带tokenhead的token
   */
  public string refreshheadtoken(string oldtoken) {
    if (strutil.isempty(oldtoken)) {
      return null;
    }
    string token = oldtoken.substring(tokenhead.length());
    if (strutil.isempty(token)) {
      return null;
    }
    //token校验不通过
    claims claims = getclaimsfromtoken(token);
    if (claims == null) {
      return null;
    }
    //如果token已经过期，不支持刷新
    if (istokenexpired(token)) {
      return null;
    }
    //如果token在30分钟之内刚刷新过，返回原token
    if (tokenrefreshjustbefore(token, 30 * 60)) {
      return token;
    } else {
      claims.put(claim_key_created, new date());
      return generatetoken(claims);
    }
  }

  /**
   * 判断token在指定时间内是否刚刚刷新过
   *
   * @param token 原token
   * @param time 指定时间（秒）
   */
  private boolean tokenrefreshjustbefore(string token, int time) {
    claims claims = getclaimsfromtoken(token);
    date created = claims.get(claim_key_created, date.class);
    date refreshdate = new date();
    //刷新时间在创建时间的指定时间内
    if (refreshdate.after(created) && refreshdate.before(dateutil.offsetsecond(created, time))) {
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
}

配置文件 application.yml

这里的 secret 可以用该方法生成

@test
  void generatekey() {
    /**
     * secret 是签名密钥，只生成一次即可，生成方法：
     * key key = keys.secretkeyfor(signaturealgorithm.hs256);
     * string secretstring = encoders.base64.encode(key.getencoded()); # 本文使用 base64 编码
     * */
    key key = keys.secretkeyfor(signaturealgorithm.hs512);
    string secretstring = encoders.base64.encode(key.getencoded());
    system.out.println(secretstring);
//    blk1x8jln4xh4s+kuc0yufxv+feytgvumycsikbil0yhrddy872mcnzbgzib57jn2v1rtafxixs8tvnpsng//g==
  }


jwt:
 tokenheader: authorization
 secret: blk1x8jln4xh4s+kuc0yufxv+feytgvumycsikbil0yhrddy872mcnzbgzib57jn2v1rtafxixs8tvnpsng//g==
 expiration: 604800
 tokenhead: 'bearer '

server:
 servlet:
 context-path: /api

controller

authcontroller 

package top.ryzeyang.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.qualifier;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.authenticationmanager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken;
import org.springframework.security.core.authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.grantedauthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.securitycontextholder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.userdetailsservice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.commonresult;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.model.dto.userdto;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.commonresultutil;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.jwttokenutil;

import java.util.collection;

@restcontroller
@responsebody
@requestmapping("/mock")
public class authcontroller {
  @autowired
  private jwttokenutil jwttokenutil;
  @qualifier("users")
  @autowired
  private userdetailsservice userdetailsservice;
  @autowired
  authenticationmanager authenticationmanager;

  @getmapping("/userinfo")
  public commonresult<collection<? extends grantedauthority>> getuserinfo(){
    authentication authentication = securitycontextholder.getcontext().getauthentication();
    collection<? extends grantedauthority> authorities = authentication.getauthorities();
    return commonresultutil.success(authorities);
  }

  /**
   * 模拟登陆
   */
  @postmapping("/login")
  public commonresult<string> login(@requestbody userdto userdto){
    string username = userdto.getusername();
    string password = userdto.getpassword();
    usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken token
        = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken(username, password);
    authentication authenticate = authenticationmanager.authenticate(token);
    securitycontextholder.getcontext().setauthentication(authenticate);
    userdetails userdetails = userdetailsservice.loaduserbyusername(username);
    string t = jwttokenutil.generatetoken(userdetails);
    return commonresultutil.success(t);
  }
}

hellocontroller 

package top.ryzeyang.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.preauthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.getmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;


@restcontroller
public class hellocontroller {

  @getmapping("/hello")
  public string hello() {
    return "hello";
  }

  @getmapping("/hello/anonymous")
  public string hello2() {
    return "anonymous";
  }

  @preauthorize("hasrole('admin')")
  @getmapping("/hello/admin")
  public string helloadmin() {
    return "hello admin";
  }

  @preauthorize("hasrole('user')")
  @getmapping("/hello/user")
  public string hellouser() {
    return "hello user";
  }

  @preauthorize("hasanyauthority('system:user:query')")
  @getmapping("/hello/user2")
  public string hellouser2() {
    return "hello user2";
  }
}

项目地址在github上

地址：springsecurity-vuetify-permissions-demo

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